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[ÇáúÃóÍúÏóÇËõ ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú ÝöíåóÇ]
ÇÓúÊóåóáøóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøóäóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßóÉõ æóÓõáúØóÇäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇãöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóíúäö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊúÈóÚõ Ðóáößó æóíóáúÊóÍöÞõ Èöåö - Çáúãóáößõ ÇáäøóÇÕöÑõ ÍóÓóäñ ÇÈúäõ Çáúãóáößö ÇáäøóÇÕöÑö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇÈúäö Çáúãóáößö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑö ÞóáóÇæõæäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíøõ¡ æóáóÇ äóÇÆöÈó áóåõ ÈöÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÞõÖóÇÊõåõ ÈöåóÇ åõãõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãö ÇáúãóÇÖöí¡ æóæóÒöíÑõåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÇÈúäõ ÎóÕöíÈò¡ æóäóÇÆöÈõ ÇáÔøóÇãö ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ ÓóíúÝõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÈóíúÏóãõÑõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÒúãöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÞõÖóÇÉõ æóÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑóÇÝö æóäóÇÙöÑõ ÇáúÌóíúÔö æóÇáúãõÍúÊóÓöÈõ åõãõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãö ÇáúãóÇÖöí¡ æóÇáúæóÒöíÑõ ÇÈúäõ ÞóÑóæóíúäóåó¡ æóßóÇÊöÈõ ÇáÓøöÑøö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Ãóãöíäõ ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ ÇáúÞóáóÇäöÓöíøö¡ æóæóßöíáõ ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÕóáóÇÍõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáÕøóÝóÏóíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ãõæóÞøöÚöí ÇáÏøóÓúÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÔóÇÏøõ ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÝö ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ äóÇÕöÑõ ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ ÝóÖúáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÍóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÇÈö ÇáúíõæÓõÝöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóæóÌøóåó Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö áöíóßõæäó ÈöåóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÌõäúÏóÇÑó¡ æóãõÊóæóáøöí ÇáúÈóáóÏö äóÇÕöÑõ ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóäóÞöíÈõ ÇáäøõÞóÈóÇÁö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÔøõÌóÇÚöíøö.
æóÝöí ÕóÈöíÍóÉö íóæúãö ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö ÓóÇÏöÓö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÞóÏöãó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ Úóáöíøñ äóÇÆöÈõ ÍóãóÇÉó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÏóÎóáó ÏöãóÔúÞó ãõÌúÊóÇÒðÇ Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö¡ ÝóäóÒóáó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóÈúáóÞö¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÍóæøóáó Åöáóì

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ÏóÇÑö ÏóæóÇÏóÇÑóÉö íóáúÈõÛóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÏøóÏó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÓóÇßöäó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÈöÇáúÞóÕøóÇÚöíäó¡ æóÊóÑóÏøóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóíúåö áöáÓøóáóÇãö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ÕóÈöíÍóÉö íóæúãö ÇáúÎóãöíÓö ÊóÇÓöÚöåö¡ ÝóÓóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö.
æóÝöí íóæúãö ÇáúÃóÍóÏö ÊóÇÓöÚó ÚóÔóÑó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÃõÍúÖöÑó ÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóíøóÇØö ãöäú ãóÍöáøóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÛõæÑö Åöáóì ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøö ãöäó ÇáÓøöÌúäö¡ æóäóÇÙóÑó Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóÇÏøõÚöíó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÏóÚóÇæóì áöÇäúÊöÕóÇÑöåö áöÝöÑúÚóæúäó - áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ - æóÕóÏøóÞó Ðóáößó ÈöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝöåö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÈöãõäóÇÙóÑóÊöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÔóíúÎñ ßóÈöíÑñ ÌóÇåöáñ ÚóÇãøöíøñ ÑóÇÈöÖñ¡ áóÇ íõÞöíãõ ÏóáöíáðÇ æóáóÇ íõÍúÓöäõåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇãó Ýöí ãõÎóíøóáóÊöåö ÔõÈúåóÉñ íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Íöíäó ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ÇáúÛóÑóÞõ¡ æóÃõÍöíØó Èöåö¡ æóÑóÃóì ÈóÃúÓó Çááøóåö¡ æóÚóÇíóäó ÚóÐóÇÈóåõ ÇáúÃóáöíãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Íöíäó ÇáúÛóÑóÞö: {ÂãóäúÊõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÂãóäóÊú Èöåö Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó} [íæäÓ: 90] . ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáúÂäó æóÞóÏú ÚóÕóíúÊó ÞóÈúáõ æóßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó ÝóÇáúíóæúãó äõäóÌøöíßó ÈöÈóÏóäößó áöÊóßõæäó áöãóäú ÎóáúÝóßó ÂíóÉð} [íæäÓ: 91]
[ÛóÇÝöÑò: 85¡ 84] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÞøóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ßóáöãóÉõ ÑóÈøößó áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó æóáóæú ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú ßõáøõ ÂíóÉò ÍóÊøóì íóÑóæõÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó} [íæäÓ: 96]
[íõæäõÓó: 89¡ 88] ÇáúÂíóÉó

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æóÝöí áóíúáóÉö ÇáËøõáóÇËóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó ØóáóÚó ÇáúÞóãóÑõ ÎóÇÓöÝðÇ ßõáøõåõ¡ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÙóåóÑó æóÞúÊó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö æóÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó Ýöí ÇáúÌóáóÇÁö - Õóáøóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúßõÓõæÝö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÑóÃó Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÈöÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö "¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÈöÓõæÑóÉö " íÓ "¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÝóÎóØóÈó¡ Ëõãøó äóÒóáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏöãóÊú ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÇÌö íõÎúÈöÑõæäó ÈöÇáÑøõÎúÕö æóÇáúÃóãúäö¡ æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøóÊú ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÁö ãöäú Ãóæøóáö Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö æóÞóÈúáóåóÇ Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö ãöäú ÂÎöÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóåúÑö æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì ÍóÇáöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÔóíúÁñ áóãú íõÚúåóÏú ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóÓóÈóÈõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÇÁó ãóÇÁñ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ ÇäúåóÇáó Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóåúÑö.
æóÏóÎóáó ÇáúãóÍúãóáõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäöíøõ íóæúãó ÇáËøõáóÇËóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÇÏöí æóÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÙøõåúÑö¡ æóãõÓößó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúÍóÇÌøö ÌóÑóßúÊóãõÑõ ÇáúãóÇÑöÏóÇäöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ãõÞöíãðÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó - ÔóÑøóÝóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÍóãóÇåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúÛóÇÏö - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÇÏóÊö ÇáÊøóÌúÑöíÏóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö Åöáóì ÏöãóÔúÞó ÕõÍúÈóÉó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÓõäúÞõÑó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÓóáøóãó ÇáúÍóÌöíÌó ãöäú ãóßøóÉó ãöäú ÃóãöíÑöåöãú Ýöí ÇáØøóáúÞóÉö äóÇÕöÑö ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäö ÞóÑóÇÓõäúÞõÑó ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑöíøö ÝóãõÓößó ãöäú ÓóÇÚóÉö æõÕõæáöåö Åöáóì ÏöãóÔúÞó¡ ÝóÞõíøöÏó¡ æóÓõíøöÑó Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö

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æóÝöí Ãóæøóáö ÕóÝóÑò ÇÔúÊóåóÑó Ýöíåö æóÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÈöÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÈöÓóÈóÈö ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóäúÞóÚóÇÊö ãöäú ÝóíúÖö Çáäøöíáö ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏö¡ ÝóÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóãõæÊõ ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÃóáúÝóíúäö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÑóÖõ ÝóßóËöíÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÛóáóÊö ÇáúÃóÓúÚóÇÑõ; áöÞöáøóÉö ãöäú íóÊóÚóÇØóì ÇáúÃóÔúÛóÇáó¡ æóÛóáóÇ ÇáÓøõßøóÑõ æóÇáúãöíóÇåõ æóÇáúÝóÇßöåóÉõ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÊóÈóÑøóÒó ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ Åöáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÈóáóÏö¡ æóÍóÕóáó áóåõ ÊóÔúæöíÔñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÚõæÝöíó ÈöÍóãúÏö Çááøóåö.
æóÝöí ËóÇáöËö ÑóÈöíÚò ÇáúÂÎöÑö ÞóÏöãó ãöäó ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇäö ÑóÓõæáõ ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö áöÎöØúÈóÉö ÈöäúÊö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÔóÑúØö Ãóäú íõÕúÏöÞóåóÇ ãóãúáóßóÉó ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ æóÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ãõÓúÊóÍóÞøðÇ ÓõáúØóÇäöíøðÇ¡ æóÃóØúáóÞó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÊøõÍóÝö æóÇáúÎöáóÚö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö ÔóíúÆðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóÑóÓóãó áöáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöãõÔúÊóÑóì ÞóÑúíóÉò ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö áöÊõæÞóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÇäóÞóÇåö ÇáøóÊöí íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐóåóÇ ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáØøóæóÇæöíÓö¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó áöÊóáóÞøöíåö äóÇÆöÈõ ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÇÈö æóÇáÏøóæúáóÉõ æóÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäõ.
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æóÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúãóäóÇÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÈõäöíóÊú áöáúãóÏúÑóÓóÉö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäöíøóÉö ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãõÓúÊóÌóÏøóÉð Úóáóì ÕöÝóÉò ÛóÑöíÈóÉò; æóÐóáößó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóäóÇÑóÊóÇäö Úóáóì ÃóÕúáò æóÇÍöÏò ÝóæúÞó ÞóÈúæö ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí áöáúãóÏúÑóÓóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóÞóØóÊú ÃóåúáóßóÊú ÎóáúÞðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøõäøóÇÚö ÈöÇáúãóÏúÑóÓóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÇÑøóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúãóÏúÑóÓóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóäúÌõ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö ÝöíãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÔóíúÁñ Óöæóì ÓöÊøóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó ÌõãúáóÉõ ãóäú åóáóßó ÈöÓóÈóÈöåóÇ äóÍúæó ËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉö äóÝúÓò¡ æóÞöíáó: ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóÞöíáó: ÃóÞóáøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ áöáøóåö æóÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó.
æóÎóÑóÌó äóÇÆöÈó ÇáÓøóáúØóäóÉö ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ ÓóíúÝõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÈóíúÏóãõÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÛóíúÖóÉö; áöÅöÕúáóÇÍöåóÇ æóÅöÒóÇáóÉö ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑö ÇáúãõÄúÐöíóÉö æóÇáÏøóÛóáö íóæúãó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚó æóÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáÔøóåúÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóáúÎóåõ¡ æóÎóÑóÌó ãóÚóåõ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÌóíúÔö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóÃóÌúäóÇÏö ÇáúÍóáúÞóÉö ÈöÑõãøóÊöåöãú¡ áóãú íóÊóÃóÎøóÑú ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóßõáøõåõãú íóÚúãóáõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÛöáúãóÇäöåöãú¡ æóÃõÍúÖöÑó Åöáóíúåöãú ÎóáúÞñ ãöäú ÝóáøóÇÍöí ÇáúãóÑúÌö æóÇáúÛõæØóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÑóÌóÚó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö ÎóÇãöÓó ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÙøóÝõæåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøóÛóáö æóÇáúÞóÔøö.

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