ÇáÌæåÑÉ
ÇáäíÑÉ Úáì ãÎÊÕÑ ÇáÞÏæÑí [ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö]
[ÈöãóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ Íõßúãõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåõ]
(ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö) ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåõ ÇÓúãò áöÝöÚúáò íóÝúÚóáõåõ
ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö ÝóíóäúÊóÝöí Èöåö ÑöÖóÇåõ Ãóæú íóÝúÓõÏõ Èöåö
ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõåõ ãóÚó ÈóÞóÇÁö ÃóåúáöíøóÊöåö æóåóÐóÇ ÅäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÅÐóÇ
ÎóÇÝó ÇáúãõßúÑóåõ ÊóÍúÞöíÞó ãóÇ ÊõæõÚøöÏó Èöåö æóÐóáößó ÅäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ
ãöäú ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõ ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ
ÝóíóäúÊóÝöí Èöåö ÇáÑøöÖóÇ Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ íóÕöíÑõ ÂáóÉð áóåõ ßóÇáúÈóíúÚö
æóÞóæúáõåõ Ãóæú íóÝúÓõÏõ Èöåö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõåõ Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ íóÕöíÑõ ÂáóÉð
áóåõ ßóÇáúÅöÊúáóÇÝö æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåõ ßóÇãöáðÇ ÈöÃóäú
íóßõæäó ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÞóØúÚö ÝóíóäúÊóÝöí Èöåö ÇáÑøöÖóÇ
æóíóÝúÓõÏõ Èöåö ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúÅöáúÌóÇÁö ÅÐú ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ
ãóÌúÈõæáñ Úóáóì ÍõÈøö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÐóáößó íóÖúØóÑøõåõ Åáóì ãóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó
Úóáóíúåö ÝóíóÝúÓõÏõ Èöåö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõåõ ÞóÇáó - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -
(ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåõ íóËúÈõÊõ Íõßúãõåõ ÅÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ãöãøóäú íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì
ÅíÞóÇÚö ãóÇ ÊóæóÚøóÏó Èöåö ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú áöÕøðÇ) º áöÃóäøóåõ
ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö áóãú íóÞúÏöÑú
(2/253)
ÇáúãõßúÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãöäú
Ðóáößó áöÚóÌúÒöåö
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Úóáóì ÈóíúÚö ãóÇáöåö Ãóæú Úóáóì
ÔöÑóÇÁö ÓöáúÚóÉò Ãóæú Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÞöÑøó áöÑóÌõáò ÈöÃóáúÝö ÏöÑúåóãò Ãóæú
íõÄóÇÌöÑó ÏóÇÑöåö æóÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏö Ãóæú
ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÍóÈúÓö ÝóÈóÇÚó Ãóæú ÇÔúÊóÑóì Ýóåõæó ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö
Åäú ÔóÇÁó ÃóãúÖóì ÇáúÈóíúÚó æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÝóÓóÎóåõ æóÑóÌóÚó ÈöÇáúãóÈöíÚö)
áöÃóäøó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö åóÐöåö ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáÊøóÑóÇÖöí ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì
{ÅöáÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÊöÌóÇÑóÉð Úóäú ÊóÑóÇÖò ãöäúßõãú} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 29] Ëõãøó
ÅÐóÇ ÈóÇÚó ãõßúÑóåðÇ æóÓóáøóãó ãõßúÑóåðÇ ËóÈóÊó Èöåö Çáúãöáúßõ
ÚöäúÏóäóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÒõÝóÑõ áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõº áöÃóäøóåõ ãóæúÞõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö
æóÇáúãóæúÞõæÝõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Çáúãöáúßó æóáóäóÇ Ãóäøó
Ñõßúäó ÇáúÈóíúÚö ÕóÏóÑó ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åáóì ãóÍóáøöåö
æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ áöÝóÞúÏö ÔóÑúØöåö æóåõæó ÇáÊøóÑóÇÖöí ÝóÕóÇÑó ßóÓóÇÆöÑö
ÇáÔøõÑõæØö ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏóÉö ÝóíóËúÈõÊõ Èöåö Çáúãöáúßõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÈúÖö
ÍóÊøóì áóæú ÞóÈóÖóåõ æóÃóÚúÊóÞóåõ Ãóæú ÊóÕóÑøóÝó Ýöíåö ÊóÕóÑøõÝðÇ áóÇ
íõãúßöäõ äóÞúÖõåõ ßóÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöíáóÇÏö ÌóÇÒó æóáóÒöãóÊúåõ
ÇáúÞöíãóÉõ æóÅöäú ÊóÕóÑøóÝó Ýöíåö ÊóÕóÑøõÝðÇ íóáúÍóÞõåõ ÇáúÝóÓúÎõ
ßóÇáúÈóíúÚö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ
íóäúÝóÓöÎõ æóáóãú íóäúÞóØöÚú ÍóÞøõ ÇÓúÊöÑúÏóÇÏö ÇáúÈóÇÆöÚö æóÅöäú
ÊóÏóÇæóáóÊúåõ ÇáúÃóíúÏöí ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÈöíóÇÚóÇÊö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏóÉö
ÝóÅöäú ÊóÕóÑøóÝó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑöí ÝöíåóÇ áóÇ íõÝúÓóÎõ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó
ÝöíåóÇ åõäóÇßó áöÍóÞøö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÞóÏú ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÚö ÇáËøóÇäöí
ÍóÞøõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÍóÞøõåõ ãõÞóÏøóãñ áöÍóÇÌóÊöåö ÃóãøóÇ åõäóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøõ
áöÍóÞøö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóåõãóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúØõáõ ÍóÞøõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö
áöÍóÞøö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÞóæúáõåõ Ãóæú Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÞöÑøó áöÑóÌõáò ÈöÃóáúÝö
ÏöÑúåóãò ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö ÅÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÞöÑøó áóåõ
ÈöÃóáúÝò ÝóÃóÞóÑøó ÈöÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò ÝóÅöÞúÑóÇÑõåõ ÈóÇØöáñº áöÃóäøóåõ
ãõßúÑóåñ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÝö æóÚóáóì ÃóÈúÚóÇÖöåóÇ æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì Ãóäú
íõÞöÑøó ÈöÃóáúÝò ÝóÃóÞóÑøó ÈöÃóáúÝóíúäö áóÒöãóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÝõ áöÃóäøó
ÇáúÃóáúÝó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóíúåö Ýóáóãú íóáúÒóãúåõ æóÇáúÃóáúÝó
ÇáËøóÇäöíó áóãú ÊóÏúÎõáú ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÈúÊóÏóÃóåõ
ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö ÝóáóÒöãóåõ æóßóÐóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÞöÑøó
ÈöÃóáúÝö ÏöÑúåóãò ÝóÃóÞóÑøó ÈöãöÇÆóÉö ÏöíäóÇÑò Ãóæú ÕöäúÝò ÂÎóÑó ÛóíúÑó
ãóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóíúåö áóÒöãóåõ Ðóáößó Þóæúáå (æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈóÖó
ÇáËøóãóäó ØóæúÚðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúÈóíúÚó) æóßóÐóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó
ÇáúãóÈöíÚó ØóÇÆöÚðǺ áöÃóäøóåõ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú
ßóÇäó ÞóÈóÖóåõ ãõßúÑóåðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉò æóÚóáóíúåö ÑóÏøõåõ Åäú
ßóÇäó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ Ýöí íóÏöåö) íóÚúäöí ÇáËøóãóäó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÇáößðÇ áóÇ
íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñº áöÃóäøóåõ ãõßúÑóåñ Úóáóì ÞóÈúÖöåö ÝóßóÇäó
ÃóãóÇäóÉð ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú åóáóßó ÇáúãóÈöíÚõ Ýöí íóÏö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑöí æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ
ãõßúÑóåò Öóãöäó ÞöíãóÊóåõ áöáúÈóÇÆöÚö) æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÑóÏøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö Þóæúáõåõ (æóáöáúãõßúÑóåö Ãóäú íõÖóãøöäó ÇáúãõßúÑöåó Åäú ÔóÇÁó)
ÝóÅöäú Öóãöäó ÇáúãõßúÑöåõ ßóÇäó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑöí
ÈöãóÇ Öóãöäó æóåõæó ÇáúÞöíãóÉõ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó Öóãøóäó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑöíó æóåõæó
áóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåö
Þóæúáõåõ (æóãóäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÃúßõáó ÇáúãóíúÊóÉó Ãóæú íóÔúÑóÈó
ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÖóÑúÈò Ãóæú ÍóÈúÓò Ãóæú ÞóíúÏò
áóãú íóÍöáøó áóåõ) Ãóäú íõÞúÏöãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó (ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íõßúÑóåó
Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóãúÑò íóÎóÇÝõ ãöäúåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú Úóáóì ÚõÖúæò ãöäú
ÃóÚúÖóÇÆöåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÝó Ðóáößó æóÓöÚóåõ Ãóäú íõÞúÏöãó Úóáóì ãóÇ
ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóíúåö) æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÔõÑúÈö ÇáÏøóãö
Ãóæú Ãóßúáö áóÍúãö ÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö æóåóÐóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúÈóÑõ ÑóÃúíöåö
Ãóäøóåõãú íõæÞöÚõæäó Èöåö ãóÇ ÊóæóÚøóÏõæåõ Èöåö Ãóæú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì
Ùóäøöåö Ðóáößó ÃóãøóÇ ÅÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó áóãú íóÓúÚóåõ ÊóäóÇæõáõåõ
Þóæúáõåõ (ÝóÅöäú ÕóÈóÑó ÍóÊøóì ÃóæúÞóÚõæÇ Èöåö Ðóáößó æóáóãú íóÃúßõáú
Ýóåõæó ÂËöãñ) áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóíúÊóÉó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ßóÇáØøóÚóÇãö
ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö æóãóäú æóÌóÏó ØóÚóÇãðÇ ãõÈóÇÍðÇ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäú Ãóßúáöåö
ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó ßóÇäó ÂËöãðÇ
(2/254)
(Þóæúáõåõ æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö
ÈöÇóááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóæú ÓóÈøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÍóÈúÓò Ãóæú ÞóíúÏò Ãóæú ÖóÑúÈò áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó
ÈöÅößúÑóÇåò ÍóÊøóì íõßúÑóåó ÈöÃóãúÑò íóÎóÇÝõ ãöäúåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú
Úóáóì ÚõÖúæò ãöäú ÃóÚúÖóÇÆöåö) æóßóÐóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÞóÐúÝö
ãõÓúáöãò Ãóæú ãõÓúáöãóÉò Ãóæú ÔóÊúãöåöãóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÝó Ðóáößó
æóÓöÚóåõ Ãóäú íõÙúåöÑó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑõæåõ Èöåö) ÅÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö
Ãóäøóåõãú ÝóÇÚöáõæåõ Þóæúáõåõ (ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑó Ðóáößó æóÞóáúÈõåõ
ãõØúãóÆöäøñ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÝóáóÇ ÅËúãó Úóáóíúåö) áöãóÇ Ñõæöíó «Ãóäøó
ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÚóãøóÇÑó Èúäó íóÇÓöÑò æóÃóßúÑóåõæåõ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó
Ýöí ÂáöåóÊöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóÑøðÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Åáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áóåõ ãóÇ æóÑóÇÁóß ÞóÇáó ÔóÑøñ
ÃóßúÑóåõæäöí ÍóÊøóì ÞõáúÊ Ýöí ÂáöåóÊöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ æóÞõáúÊ Ýöíß ÔóÑøðÇ
ÞóÇáó ßóíúÝó æóÌóÏúÊ ÞóáúÈóß ÞóÇáó ãõØúãóÆöäøðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÞóÇáó
ÝóÅöäú ÚóÇÏõæÇ ÝóÚõÏú Åáóì ÇáØøõãóÃúäöíäóÉö áóÇ Åáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö» æóÝöíåö
äóÒóáó Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÅöáÇ ãóäú ÃõßúÑöåó æóÞóáúÈõåõ ãõØúãóÆöäøñ
ÈöÇáÅöíãóÇäö} [ÇáäÍá: 106] æóáöÃóäøó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑö áóÇ íóÝõæÊõ
ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð áöÞöíóÇãö ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö æóÝöí ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÝóæóÇÊõ
ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóÅöäú ÃóÌúÑóì ßóáöãóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÈöÍóÈúÓò Ãóæú
ÞóíúÏò æóÞóÇáó ßõäúÊ ãõØúãóÆöäøðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö áóãú íõÕóÏøóÞú ßóÐóÇ Ýöí
ÇáúÎõÌóäúÏöíøö Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú ÕóÈóÑó ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó æóáóãú íõÙúåöÑú
ÇáúßõÝúÑó ßóÇäó ãóÃúÌõæÑðÇ) Ãóíú íóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÅÞúÏóÇãöåö
Úóáóíúåö áöãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó «ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÍóÈöíÈó Èúäó
ÚóÏöíøò ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ áóäóÞúÊõáóäøóßó Ãóæú áóÊóÐúßõÑóäøó ÂáöåóÊóäóÇ
ÈöÎóíúÑò æóÊóÔúÊõãõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÝóßóÇäó íóÔúÊõãõ ÂáöåóÊóåõãú æóíóÐúßõÑõ
ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÎóíúÑò ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõ
æóÕóáóÈõæåõ ÝóÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - åõæó ÑóÝöíÞöí Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö
æóÓóãøóÇåõ ÓóíøöÏó ÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö»
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÅÊúáóÇÝö ãóÇáö ãõÓúáöãò ÈöÃóãúÑò íóÎóÇÝ
ãöäúåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú Úóáóì ÚõÖúæò ãöäú ÃóÚúÖóÇÆöåö æóÓöÚóåõ Ãóäú
íóÝúÚóáó Ðóáößó) áöÃóäøó ãóÇáó ÇáúÛóíúÑö íõÓúÊóÈóÇÍõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö
ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÌóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉñ Þóæúáõåõ (æóáöÕóÇÍöÈö
ÇáúãóÇáö Ãóäú íõÖóãøöäó ÇáúãõßúÑöåó) áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõßúÑóåó ÂáóÉñ áóåõ
ÝóßóÃóäøó ÇáúãõßúÑöåó ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó ÈöÞóÊúáò Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÛóíúÑöåö áóÇ íóÓóÚõåõ
ÞóÊúáõåõ Èóáú íóÕúÈöÑõ ÍóÊøóì íóÞúÊõáó ÝóÅöäú ÞóÊóáóåõ ßóÇäó ÂËöãðÇ
æóíõÚóÒøóÑõ) áöÃóäøó ÞóÊúáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãö áóÇ íõÓúÊóÈóÇÍõ áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö
ÝóÅöäú ÕóÈóÑó ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó ßóÇäó ãóÃúÌõæÑðÇ Þóæúáõåõ (æóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕõ
Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÃóßúÑóåóåõ Åäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÊúáõ ÚóãúÏðÇ) æóåóÐóÇ
ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕõ æóÚóáóì
ÇáúãõßúÑöåö ÇáúÂãöÑö ÇáÏøöíóÉõ Ýöí ãóÇáöåö æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó Úóáóì
ÇáúãõßúÑóåö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö.
æóÞóÇáó ÒõÝóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåö ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕõ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåó áóÇ
íõÈöíÍõ ÇáúÞóÊúáó ÝóÍóÇáõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö ßóÍóÇáöåö ÞóÈúáóåõ
æóáöÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõßúÑóåó áóãú íõÈóÇÔöÑú ÇáúÞóÊúáó æóÅöäøóãóÇ
åõæó ÓóÈóÈñ Ýöíåö ßóÍóÇÝöÑö ÇáúÈöÆúÑö æóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúÍóÌóÑö æóÅöäøóãóÇ
æóÌóÈóÊú ÇáÏøöíóÉõ Ýöí ãóÇáöåö áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÊúáó ÚóãúÏò ÊóÍóæøóáó
ãóÇáðÇ æóÇáúÚóÇÞöáóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõ ÇáúÚóãúÏó æóáóåõãóÇ Þóæúáõåõ -
Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - «ÑõÝöÚó Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ
æóãóÇ ÇõÓúÊõßúÑöåõæÇ Úóáóíúåö» æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÈó ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕõ Úóáóì
ÇáúãõßúÑóåö áöÃóäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáúãõßúÑóåö íóäúÊóÞöáõ Åáóíúåö æóíóÕöíÑõ
ßóÇáúÂáóÉö ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ÃõÎöÐó ÈöíóÏö ÇáúãõßúÑóåö æóÝöíåóÇ ÓóíúÝñ
ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ Èöåö æóÞõíøöÏó ÈöÇáúÚóãúÏöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóØóÃð
ÊóÌöÈõ ÇáÏøöíóÉõ Úóáóì ÚóÇÞöáóÉö ÇáúãõßúÑöåö æóÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉõ Úóáóì
ÇáúãõßúÑóåö ÅÌúãóÇÚðÇ æóÝöí ÞóÊúáö ÇáúÚóãúÏö áóÇ íõÍúÑóãõ ÇáúãõßúÑóåõ
ÇáúãöíÑóÇËó æóÅöäú Þöíáó áóåõ áóäóÞúÊõáóäøóßó Ãóæú áóÊóÞúÊõáóäøó
ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÝõáóÇäñ Åäú ÞóÊóáúÊäöí ÝóÃóäúÊó Ýöí Íöáøò ãöäú
Ïóãöí ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ ÚóãúÏðÇ Ýóåõæó ÂËöãñ æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó Úóáóíúåö æóÊóÌöÈõ
ÏöíóÊõåõ Ýöí ãóÇáö ÇáúÂãöÑö ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó
ÈöÞóÊúáò Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ãõæóÑøöËöåö ãöËúáö ÃóÈöíåö Ãóæú ÃóÎöíåö ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ
áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑóåö ÞóæóÏñ æóáóÇ ÏöíóÉñ æóáóÇ íõãúäóÚõ
ÇáúãöíÑóÇËó æóáöáúÞóÇÊöáö ÇáúæóÇÑöËö Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóßúÑóåóåõ
ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÏøöíóÉõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõßúÑóåõ
æóÇÑöËðÇ áöáúãóÞúÊõæáö ãõäöÚó ÇáúãöíÑóÇËó æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÌõáñ
áóÃóÞúÊõáóäøóßó Ãóæú áóÊóÞúØóÚóäøó íóÏóß æóÓöÚóåõ ÞóØúÚõ íóÏöåöº
áöÃóäøóåõ íóÕöáõ ÈöÞóØúÚöåóÇ Åáóì ÅÍúíóÇÁö äóÝúÓöåö
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ØóáóÇÞö ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö Ãóæú ÚöÊúÞö ÚóÈúÏöåö
ÝóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó æóÞóÚó ãóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóíúåö) åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ
áóáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎõÌóäúÏöíøõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåõ áóÇ íóÚúãóáõ Ýöí
ÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÇáúÚóÊóÇÞö æóÇáäøößóÇÍö æóÇáÑøóÌúÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö
æóÇáúÚóÝúæö Úóäú Ïóãö ÇáúÚóãúÏö æóÇáúíóãöíäö æóÇáäøóÐúÑö æóÇáÙøöåóÇÑö
æóÇáúÅöíáóÇÁö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö Ýöíåö æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóãøóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó
Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÊúÞö ÝóÃóÚúÊóÞó ÕóÍøó ÚöÊúÞõåõ æóíóÑúÌöÚõ ÈöÞöíãóÊöåö
ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåö æóÝöí ÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö íóÑúÌöÚõ
Úóáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ ÇáúÊóÒóãóåõ ãöäú äöÕúÝö ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞö æóÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö Åäú
ßóÇäó ÇáúãóåúÑõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÓóãøðì æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö áóÇ
íóÑúÌöÚõ ÈöÔóíúÁò æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÇáäøößóÇÍö
(2/255)
ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÚóÞúÏõ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì
ãöËúáó ãóåúÑö ÇáúãöËúáö Ãóæú ÃóÞóáøó ÌóÇÒó æóáóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Úóáóì
ÇáúãõßúÑöåö ÈöÔóíúÁòº áöÃóäøóåõ ÚöæóÖõåõ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Úóäú
ãöáúßöåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ãóåúÑö ÇáúãöËúáö ÝóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ
ÈóÇØöáóÉñ æóíóÌöÈõ ãöÞúÏóÇÑõ ãóåúÑö ÇáúãöËúáö æóíóÕöíÑõ ßóÃóäøóåõãóÇ
ÓóãøóíóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÑó ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÊóÕöÝõ ÈöÇáØøóáóÇÞö
ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Þóæúáõåõ (æóíóÑúÌöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÃóßúÑóåóåõ
ÈöÞöíãóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö) ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõßúÑóåõ ãõæÓöÑðÇ Ãóæú ãõÚúÓöÑðÇ
æóÇáúæóáóÇÁõ áöáúãóæúáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊöÞö æóáóÇ ÓöÚóÇíóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö
áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöÊúÞó æóÞóÚó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Çáúãóæúáóì æóáóÇ ÍóÞøó áöÃóÍóÏò Ýöí
ãöáúßöåö ãóÚó ÊóãóÇãö Çáúãöáúßö æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ßóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóåúäö ÅÐóÇ
ÃóÚúÊóÞóåõ ÇáÑøóÇåöäõ æóåõæó ãõÚúÓöÑñ áöÃóäøó ÊóÚóáøõÞó ÍóÞøö ÇáúÛóíúÑö
ÈöÇáúãöáúßö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáÓøöÚóÇíóÉó æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì
ÔöÑóÇÁö Ðöí ÑóÍöãò ãóÍúÑóãò ãöäúåõ ÚóÊóÞó æóáóÇ ÖóãóÇäó Úóáóì
ÇáúãõßúÑöåöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóßúÑóåóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøöÑóÇÁö Ïõæäó ÇáúÚöÊúÞö
Þóæúáõåõ (æóíóÑúÌöÚõ ÈöäöÕúÝö ãóåúÑö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó
ÇáÏøõÎõæáö) åóÐóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóåúÑõ ãõÓóãøðì ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú
ãõÓóãøðì ÑóÌóÚó Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåö ÈöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõåõ ãöäú ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö
æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÈó áóåõ ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåöº áöÃóäøóåõ
ÞóÑøóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÖóãóÇäðÇ ßóÇäó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÊóÎóáøóÕó ãöäúåõ ÅÐú
ÇáúãóåúÑõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Úóáóì ÔóÑóÝö ÇáÓøõÞõæØö ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó
ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉó áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÓóÈóÈò ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÈöÃóäú
ÇÑúÊóÏøóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ãóæú ÞóÈøóáóÊú ÇÈúäó ÒóæúÌöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ
íóÓúÞõØõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóåúÑõ æóÇáúãõÊúÚóÉõ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÃóßøóÏó Úóáóíúåö
Ðóáößó ÈöÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÝóßóÇäó ÅÊúáóÇÝðÇ áöáúãóÇáö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö
ÝóíõÖóÇÝõ Åáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÑøóÑóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ
ÃóÎóÐóåõ ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ÝóÃóÊúáóÝóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó
ÇáÒøóæúÌõ ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó ÈöåóÇ ÝóáóåóÇ ÇáúãóåúÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÒøóæúÌö ßóÇãöáðÇ
æóáóÇ ÖóãóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõßúÑöåö áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóåúÑó ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí
ÐöãøóÊöåö ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö áóÇ ÈöÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÝóáóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Úóáóíúåö
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöäú ÃóßúÑóåóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÒøöäóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøõ
ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íõßúÑöåóåõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ) áöÃóäøó
ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåó áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÒøöäóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáúæóØúÁó áóÇ íõãúßöäõ
ÅáøóÇ ÈöÇáöÇäúÊöÔóÇÑö æóåõæó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚó ÇáúÎóæúÝö æóÅöäøóãóÇ
íóßõæäõ ãóÚó ÇááøóÐøóÉö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ áóåõ
ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ Òóäóì ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÅÐóÇ
ÃõßúÑöåóÊú Úóáóì ÇáÒøöäóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøõº áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó
ãöäúåóÇ ÅáøóÇ ÇáÊøóãúßöíäõ æóÐóáößó íóÍúÕõáõ ãóÚó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ
ÅÐóÇ ÃóßúÑóåóåõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ ÝóÝöíåö ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ íóÌöÈõ
Èöåö ÇáúÍóÏøõ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÒõÝóÑõ æóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ
æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ áóÇ ÍóÏøó Úóáóíúåö æóíõÚóÒøóÑõ æóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö
ÇáúãóåúÑõ áöÃóäøó ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäó áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãõÛóÇáóÈóÊõåõ æóáóÇ
ÇáÊøóÙóáøõãõ ãöäúåõ Åáóì ÛóíúÑöåö æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÒúÏóæöíøö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ÅÐóÇ
ÃóßúÑóåóåõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ Úóáóì ÇáÒøöäóÇ áóÇ íóÓóÚõåõ ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãõ
Úóáóíúåö áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÝóÓóÇÏó ÇáúÝöÑóÇÔö æóÖóíóÇÚó ÇáäøóÓúáö æóÐóáößó
ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÞóÊúáö.
(Þóæúáõåõ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏñ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõåõ ÇáúÍóÏøõ)
æóíõÚóÒøóÑõ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóßúÑóååõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ áöÃóäøó
ÇáöÇäúÊöÔóÇÑó ãöäú ØóÈúÚö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÝóíóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö
Ëõãøó íõßúÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõæóÇÞóÚóÉö ÝóíóÕöÍøõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåõ æóíóÓúÞõØõ
ÇáúÍóÏøõ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúãóåúÑõ áöÃóäøó ÇáúæóØúÁó Ýöí ãöáúßö ÇáúÛóíúÑö áóÇ
íóÎúáõæ ãöäú ÍóÏøò Ãóæú ãóåúÑò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóØó ÇáúÍóÏøõ æóÌóÈó ÇáúãóåúÑõ
æóáóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÃóßúÑóåóåõ æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóíúåö
ÈöÍóÈúÓò Ãóæú ÞóíúÏò Ãóæú ÖóÑúÈò áóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ãöäúåõ ÊóáóÝðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó
áóåõ Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÝóÅöäú ÝóÚóáó ÝóÚóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøõ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÈúÓó
æóÇáúÞóíúÏó ÅßúÑóÇåñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÝóÃóãøóÇ
ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑóÇÊõ ÝóáóÇ ÅßúÑóÇåó ÝöíåóÇ ÅáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ãöäúåõ ÊóáóÝó
äóÝúÓò Ãóæú ÚõÖúæò
Þóæúáõåõ (æóÅöÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö áóãú ÊóÈöäú ãöäúåõ
ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ) íóÚúäöí ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóáúÈõåõ ãõØúãóÆöäøðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö
áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉó ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Ãóäøóåõ
íóßõæäõ ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó Çááøóåö
íóßõæäõ ãõÓúáöãðÇ Åäú ÃóÎúáóÕó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÊóÈöíäõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ æóáóÇ
íõÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ íõæÑóËõ æóáóÇ íóÑöËõ ãöäú ÇÈúäöåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö
áóßöäøó ÇáúÃóæøóáó åõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ æóÅöäú ÃõßúÑöåó ßóÇÝöÑñ Úóáóì
ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóÃóÓúáóãó ÕóÍøó ÅÓúáóÇãõåõ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóáóåõ
ÃóÓúáóãó ãóäú Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáÃóÑúÖö ØóæúÚðÇ æóßóÑúåðÇ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä:
83]
(2/256)
/ æóÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - «ÃõãöÑúÊ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó
ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáõæÇ áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ Çááøóåõ» æóåóÐóÇ ÅßúÑóÇåñ Úóáóì
ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ |